Notes of Germany part 1- Study Material for EFLU 2021 and JNUEE Preparation

   Study Material for

EFLU 2021 and JNUEE Preparation

  Notes of Germany GERMANY

  Part 1

Germany is often known as Das Lies Der Dichter and Denker ( the kand of Poets and Thinkers). German culture predates the establishment of Germany as a nation-state, and it encompasses the entire German-speaking world.   

 1. Official Name                         Federal Republic
                                                       of Germany.

 2. Capital                                     Berlin.

 3. Official language                   German.

 4. National Anthem                  Das Lied Der 

                                                       Deutschen.

 5. Motto                                       Unity, Justice and

                                                       Freedom.

 6. Upper House                          Bundesrat

                                                            (Upper House)

 7. Lower House                         Bundestag

                                                            (Lower House)

 8. Population                             83.6 million.

 9. Currency                                Euro.

10. Time zone                             1

11. National Day                        Unity Day, 3 Oct 

                                                                1990.

12. National Bird                       Golden Eagle.   

           

13. National Tree                       Oak Tree.

14. Cost of Arms                         A Black Eagle on 

                                                        Yellow Shield.

15. Other Symbols                     Brandenburg Gate

                                                  is the Symbol of 

                                                  Reunification and 

                                                  Freedom Bell.

16. Total Size                              357,386sq.km

17. Coastline                              2389 km

18. Formation of                       1 Jan 1871.

      German Empire 

19. the German Republic               9 Nov 1918.

20. Formation of                       30 Jan 1933.

      Nazir Government

21. Total province                     16.

22. Calling Code                        +49.

 

23. National Game                    Football.

24. Continent                             Europe.

25. Script                                    Latin.

26. Language Family               Indo-European.

27. Religion                                Protestant 45%

                                                     Roman Catholic 37%

                                                     Other 18%.

28. President                             Frank-Walter

                                                            Steinmeier.

29. Chancellor                           Angela Merkel.

30. National Emblem               Cornflower.

31. News Agency                       Deutsche Presse

32. Ethnic Group                       76.4% Germans,

                                                      3.4% Turks,

                                                      2.6% Poles,

                                                      1.7% Russian.

 DESCRIPTION OF FLAG:

   ~ The German flag was adopted on 23may,1949.

   ~ it has three equal horizontal bands of Black, Red and Gold.

   ~ The black strip represent Determination.

   ~ The Red strip represent Bravery.

   ~ The Gold strip represent Generosity.

       HISTORY:

   ~ World war I started on 28july,1914 and ended on 11th Nov 1919.

   ~ Treaty of Versailles was signed on 28th June 1919 ending world war I.

   ~ Otto Von Bismarck became the first Chancellor of Germany.

   ~ German empire was founded on 1st Jan 1871 and referred to as Imperial Germany.

   ~ Friedrich Wilheil Victor Albert was the last German emperor.

  WEIMAR REPUBLIC AND NAZI 

   ~ On 11 AUG 1919, Friedrich signed the weimar Republic constitution.

   ~ NAZI party is officially known as the 'National Socialist German Workers Party'.

   ~ Adolf Hitler was appointed as chancellor of Germany on 30 Jan 1933.

   ~ On 1st September 1939, World War II began 

  

  UNIFICATION OF GERMANY:

   

• After Napoleon defeat in 1815, Many Germans wanted to unite as one Nation.               
• A Confederation of status was set up, but it was too weak to lose. Wilhelm I became King of Prussia in 1861. 
• Prussia strength grew and other German states agree to unite with Prussia at last in 1871.
• After the end of WWII, Germany was divided into two parts East Germany and West Germany.
• West Germany is known as the 'Federal Republic of Germany'. It was formed on 23 May 1949.
• West Germany was Established from Eleven states held by the US, UK, & FRANCE.
• East Germany is known as German Democratic Republic (Communist Party).
• West Germans fled thousands of East Germans.
• East Germany was part of the Soviet Union from 1949 to 1989.
• The Berlin Wall was built in 1961 to close the border and stop the flow of people as well as its Inhabitants going to the West.
• The decline of the USSR led to the fall of the Berlin wall in 1989 and then Germany was reunited in 1990.
• Today, 80% of Germans people live in the West, and the effect of Communism are still left in East Germany.

NOTE :

   .   GERMAN EMPIRE              (1871-1918)

   .   WEIMAR REPUBLIC          (1919-1933)

   .   NAZI GERMANY                 (1933-1945)

   .   FEDERAL REPUBLIC         (1990-Present)

      OF GERMANY 

• GEOGRAPHY:

• Centrally located in Europe, Germany is composed of the north German plain, the central German uplands, and the southern German highlands.

• The Zugspitze (9,721ft) is the highest point of the Wetterstein mountain ranges.

• Over its western summit runs the Austria-Germany border.

• Germany is the second-most populous country in central Europe, after Russia.

• The Baltic Sea, the north sea and the lowlands from the natural borders in the north of Germany and the southern Germany borders are formed by the Alps mountains and Lake Constance.

• Neuendorf bei Wilster is Germany's geographical low point.

   BORDERING COUNTRIES:

• Germany has nine land borders: Denmark, Poland, Austria, Switzerland, Belgium, France, Luxembourg, Czech Republic, and The Netherlands.
• Total sea borders of Germany are TWO are Sweden(Baltic sea) and the United Kingdom.
  
  
• Total sea borders of Germany are TWO are Sweden(Baltic sea) and the United Kingdom.
• Longest land borders of Germany is Austria.

• Shortest land borders of Germany in Belgium.

For part two of Germany note click on the button below.

Part-2

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